燃?xì)獍l(fā)動機(jī)

Gas engine

核心部件，負(fù)責(zé)將燃?xì)馊紵a(chǎn)生的熱能轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械能，驅(qū)動發(fā)電機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。常見類型包括往復(fù)式活塞發(fā)動機(jī)和燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)。

The core component is responsible for converting the thermal energy generated by gas combustion into mechanical energy to drive the operation of the generator. Common types include reciprocating piston engines and gas turbines.

需配備點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)（火花塞）或采用壓燃技術(shù)（如雙燃料機(jī)組）。

An ignition system (spark plug) or compression ignition technology (such as dual fuel units) is required.

發(fā)電機(jī)

alternator

將機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)換為電能，通常為同步發(fā)電機(jī)，輸出工頻交流電（50Hz/60Hz）。

Convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, usually using a synchronous generator that outputs power frequency alternating current (50Hz/60Hz).

控制系統(tǒng)

Control system

實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)組啟停、功率調(diào)節(jié)、故障保護(hù)及遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控。現(xiàn)代機(jī)組多采用PLC或智能控制器，支持自動化運(yùn)行。

Implement unit start stop, power regulation, fault protection, and remote monitoring. Modern units often use PLC or intelligent controllers to support automated operation.

輔助系統(tǒng)

Auxiliary system

燃料供給系統(tǒng)：包括燃?xì)膺^濾、調(diào)壓裝置，確保穩(wěn)定供氣。

Fuel supply system: including gas filtration and pressure regulating devices to ensure stable gas supply.

冷卻系統(tǒng)：水冷或風(fēng)冷，防止發(fā)動機(jī)過熱。

Cooling system: water-cooled or air-cooled to prevent engine overheating.

排氣系統(tǒng)：處理高溫廢氣，可能集成余熱回收裝置。

Exhaust system: deals with high-temperature exhaust gases and may integrate waste heat recovery devices.

消音裝置：降低運(yùn)行噪聲，符合環(huán)保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

Silencing device: reduces operating noise and meets environmental standards.

二、燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組的分類

2、 Classification of Gas Generator Sets

按燃料類型

By fuel type

天然氣發(fā)電機(jī)組：適用于管道天然氣或壓縮天然氣（CNG），排放低，適合城市及工業(yè)區(qū)。

Natural gas generator set: suitable for pipeline natural gas or compressed natural gas (CNG), with low emissions, suitable for urban and industrial areas.

沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)組：利用垃圾填埋氣、農(nóng)業(yè)沼氣，促進(jìn)廢棄物資源化。

Biogas generator set: Utilizing landfill gas and agricultural biogas to promote waste resource utilization.

液化石油氣（LPG）機(jī)組：便于儲存運(yùn)輸，適用于燃?xì)夤?yīng)不穩(wěn)定地區(qū)。

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) unit: easy to store and transport, suitable for areas with unstable gas supply.

按用途

By purpose

備用電源：醫(yī)院、數(shù)據(jù)中心等對供電連續(xù)性要求高的場所。

Backup power supply: places such as hospitals and data centers that require high continuity of power supply.

熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)（CHP）：余熱用于供暖或工業(yè)流程，綜合效率可達(dá)80%以上。

Combined Heat and Power (CHP): Waste heat is used for heating or industrial processes, with a comprehensive efficiency of over 80%.

分布式能源系統(tǒng)：作為微電網(wǎng)的一部分，與可再生能源互補(bǔ)。

Distributed energy system: As a part of microgrids, it complements renewable energy.

三、工作原理

3、 Working principle

燃?xì)馊紵喝細(xì)馀c空氣混合后，在氣缸內(nèi)點(diǎn)燃（火花點(diǎn)火）或壓燃，推動活塞運(yùn)動（四沖程循環(huán)）。

Gas combustion: After mixing with air, gas is ignited (spark ignition) or compressed in the cylinder, driving the piston to move (four stroke cycle).

能量轉(zhuǎn)換：曲軸將往復(fù)運(yùn)動轉(zhuǎn)為旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械能，驅(qū)動發(fā)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子切割磁感線發(fā)電。

Energy conversion: The crankshaft converts reciprocating motion into rotational mechanical energy, driving the generator rotor to cut magnetic induction lines and generate electricity.

并網(wǎng)/離網(wǎng)運(yùn)行：可通過同步裝置接入電網(wǎng)，或獨(dú)立為負(fù)載供電。

Grid connected/off grid operation: It can be connected to the grid through synchronous devices or independently supplied to the load.

四、核心優(yōu)勢

4、 Core advantages

環(huán)保性

Environmental friendliness

相比柴油機(jī)組，氮氧化物（NOx）和顆粒物排放減少50%以上，符合嚴(yán)苛環(huán)保法規(guī)（如EU Stage V）。

Compared to diesel engines, nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter emissions are reduced by over 50%, in compliance with strict environmental regulations such as EU Stage V.

高效節(jié)能

Efficient and energy-saving

燃?xì)獍l(fā)電效率通常為30%-45%，熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)模式下可達(dá)90%。

The efficiency of gas-fired power generation is usually 30% -45%, and can reach 90% in cogeneration mode.

燃料成本較低，尤其天然氣價格穩(wěn)定地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)性顯著。

The fuel cost is relatively low, especially in regions with stable natural gas prices where the economy is significant.

燃料靈活性

Fuel flexibility

部分機(jī)組支持雙燃料（如天然氣+柴油），增強(qiáng)應(yīng)急能力。

Some units support dual fuel (such as natural gas+diesel) to enhance emergency capabilities.

快速響應(yīng)

quick response

冷啟動時間短（數(shù)分鐘），適合調(diào)峰或應(yīng)急場景。

The cold start time is short (several minutes), suitable for peak shaving or emergency scenarios.

五、典型應(yīng)用場景

5、 Typical application scenarios

工業(yè)領(lǐng)域

Industrial sector

工廠自備電站，應(yīng)對限電或電價高峰；化工企業(yè)利用工藝廢氣發(fā)電。

The factory has its own power station to cope with power restrictions or peak electricity prices; Chemical companies use process waste gas to generate electricity.

商業(yè)設(shè)施

Commercial facilities

酒店、商場采用CHP系統(tǒng)，降低能源成本。

Hotels and shopping malls adopt CHP systems to reduce energy costs.

農(nóng)業(yè)與廢棄物處理

Agriculture and Waste Management

畜禽養(yǎng)殖場利用沼氣發(fā)電，實(shí)現(xiàn)能源自給。

Livestock and poultry farms use biogas to generate electricity and achieve energy self-sufficiency.

油氣田

Oil and gas fields

利用伴生氣發(fā)電，減少放空燃燒，提升資源利用率。

Utilize associated gas to generate electricity, reduce venting and combustion, and improve resource utilization efficiency.

六、選型與維護(hù)要點(diǎn)

6、 Selection and maintenance points

選型指南

Selection Guide 

功率匹配：根據(jù)負(fù)載需求（持續(xù)/峰值）選擇容量，預(yù)留10%-20%冗余。

Power matching: Select capacity based on load demand (continuous/peak) and reserve 10% -20% redundancy.

燃料適配性：評估當(dāng)?shù)厝細(xì)夤?yīng)類型及穩(wěn)定性。

Fuel compatibility: Evaluate the type and stability of local gas supply.

品牌與認(rèn)證：選擇通過ISO 8528等國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的品牌（如卡特彼勒、康明斯、顏巴赫）。

Brand and Certification: Choose brands that have passed international standards such as ISO 8528 (such as Caterpillar, Cummins, and Yanbach).

維護(hù)策略

Maintenance strategy

定期保養(yǎng)：更換機(jī)油、空氣濾清器，檢查火花塞。

Regular maintenance: replace engine oil, air filter, and check spark plugs.

燃?xì)庀到y(tǒng)檢查：防止泄漏，定期清理燃?xì)鈬娮臁?/p>

Gas system inspection: To prevent leaks, regularly clean the gas nozzle.

余熱回收維護(hù)：清洗換熱器，保持熱效率。

Waste heat recovery maintenance: Clean the heat exchanger to maintain thermal efficiency.

七、未來發(fā)展趨勢

7、 Future Development Trends

高效低排放技術(shù)

Efficient and low emission technology

預(yù)燃室技術(shù)、稀薄燃燒優(yōu)化，進(jìn)一步提升效率并降低NOx排放。

Pre chamber technology and lean combustion optimization further improve efficiency and reduce NOx emissions.

智能化與物聯(lián)網(wǎng)

Intelligence and the Internet of Things

集成AI預(yù)測性維護(hù)，實(shí)時監(jiān)測機(jī)組健康狀態(tài)，減少非計(jì)劃停機(jī)。

Integrated AI predictive maintenance, real-time monitoring of unit health status, reducing unplanned downtime.

多能互補(bǔ)系統(tǒng)

Multi energy complementary system

與光伏、儲能結(jié)合，構(gòu)建靈活微電網(wǎng)，適應(yīng)碳中和目標(biāo)。

Combining photovoltaics and energy storage to build a flexible microgrid that adapts to carbon neutrality goals.

綠色燃料應(yīng)用

Green fuel application

探索摻氫燃燒（Hythane）或100%氫燃料機(jī)組，助力零碳轉(zhuǎn)型。

Explore hydrogen combustion or 100% hydrogen fuel units to assist in zero carbon transformation.

總結(jié)

summary

燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組憑借清潔、高效、靈活的特點(diǎn)，在能源轉(zhuǎn)型中扮演重要角色。選型時需綜合考慮燃料可獲得性、運(yùn)行場景及全生命周期成本，結(jié)合智能化技術(shù)提升運(yùn)維效率，未來在氫能等新興領(lǐng)域有望進(jìn)一步拓展應(yīng)用邊界。

Gas turbine generators play an important role in energy transformation due to their clean, efficient, and flexible characteristics. When selecting, it is necessary to comprehensively consider fuel availability, operating scenarios, and full lifecycle costs, combined with intelligent technology to improve operation and maintenance efficiency. In the future, it is expected to further expand its application boundaries in emerging fields such as hydrogen energy.

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